We can assume that g is a linear transform of f.
hence g=Af+B
where A,B are transformation constants.
Now determine A,B
Spoiler:
by definition of g,
f(1)=g(1981)=Af(1981)+B
by definition of f
f(1)=122.8(1)+786.2
hence,
Af(1981)+B=122.8(1)+786.2........(1)
Similarly,
Af(1982)+B=122.8(2)+786.2.........(2)
subtracting (1)from (2)
A(f(1982)-f(1981))=122.8
hence, A=1
B=243144