On this date in:

1827 The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. was incorporated.

1849 The ship California arrived at San Francisco, carrying the first of the gold-seekers.

1854 About 50 slavery opponents met in Ripon, Wis., to call for creation of a new political group, which became the Republican Party.

1861 The Territory of Colorado was organized.

1951 A Senate committee headed by Estes Kefauver, D-Tenn., issued a preliminary report saying at least two major crime syndicates were operating in the United States.

1953 scientists James D. Watson and Francis H.C. Crick discovered the double-helix structure of DNA, the molecule that contains the human genes, in a Cambridge University laboratory.

1974 The United States and Egypt re-established diplomatic relations after a seven-year break.

1975 A subway train smashed into the end of a tunnel in London's Underground, killing more than 40 people.

1983 The album "War" by U2 was released.

1986 Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme was shot to death in central Stockholm.

1991 Allied and Iraqi forces suspended their attacks as Iraq pledged to accept all United Nations resolutions concerning Kuwait.

2002 A body found outside San Diego was identified as that of 7-year-old Danielle van Dam, who'd disappeared from her bedroom about a month earlier; a neighbor was later convicted of her murder and sentenced to death.

2005 Lebanon's pro-Syrian prime minister, Omar Karami, resigned amid large anti-Syria street demonstrations in Beirut.

2007 Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. died at age 89.

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